Dimebon Dimebolin Information Availability » Alzheimer S Disease

What Is Alzheimer’s Disease? What Causes Alzheimer’s Disease?

admin — Wed, 16 May 2012 12:52:33 +0000

Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive neurologic disease of the brain leading to the irreversible loss of neurons and the loss of intellectual abilities, including memory and reasoning, which become severe enough to impede social or occupational functioning. Alzheimer’s disease is also known as simplyAlzheimer’s, and Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer Type (SDAT) .

During the course of the disease plaquesand tangles develop within the structure of the brain. This causes brain cells to die. Patients with Alzheimer’s also have a deficiency in the levels of some vital brain chemicals which are involved with the transmission of messages in the brain – neurotransmitters.

Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia. The disease gets worse as it develops – it is a progressive disease. There is no current cure for Alzheimer’s, although there are ways of slowing down its advance and helping patients with some of the symptoms. Alzheimer’s is also a terminal disease – it is incurable and causes death.

According the National Institute on Aging, there are estimated to be between 2.4 million and 4.5 million Americans who have Alzheimer’s. There are approximately 417,000 people in the UK with Alzheimer’s, according to the Alzheimer’s Society.

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/159442.php

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Alzheimer’s Risk Falls With Activity

admin — Sat, 12 May 2012 12:49:43 +0000

Intensity matters, but it isn’t just about exercise.

Cleaning house and doing yard-work are taking on new importance. A higher level of physical activity – not just exercising – is linked to a reduced risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease even in people over 80, suggests research published Wednesday in the journal Neurology.

Protective activities washing dishes, cooking, cleaning, gardening – even playing cards. People who scored in the bottom 10% of physical activity were more than twice as likely to develop Alzheimer’s. Study participants did not have dementia at the start of the four-year study, which is part of the ongoing Memory and Aging Project at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago.

“The implication of this study is really outstanding,” says physician Aron Buchman, the lead author. “Exercise is good, without a doubt, but this study is about more than exercise. Older people who might not be able to exercise can tailor activities that are right for them.”

There is no cure or drug to delay onset of Alzheimer’s, which affects about 5 million in the USA; numbers are expected to triple as Baby Boomers get older. Aging is the main risk factor.

During the study, 71 of the 716 study participants developed Alzheimer’s. Study author’s say this is the first study to use an objective measurement of all physical activity in addition to self-reports. Participants wore and actigraph on their wrists to assess levels of activity.

Their mean score was 3.3 hours a week. Exercise intensity also mattered; those in the bottom 10% for intensity of physical activity were almost three times as likely to develop Alzheimer’s.

The study is the latest evidence that physical activity, even in later years, aids in delaying Alzheimer’s. The study did not attempt to measure which activities were most helpful.

“We’ve known that muscle activity generates neurons in the brain, but this study gives us additional motivation,” says physician Gary Kennedy, director of geriatric psychiatry at Montefiore Medical Center in New York City, who was not associated with the study. “It shows you don’t have to go to the gym. Older people very often don’t want to do that.”

Results did not vary by age, sex or education. The authors also looked at chronic health and genetic factors. Among the findings:

Body mass index, depressive symptoms or vascular risk factors did not change the association between activities and risk.
Having the gene APOE4, which puts people at higher risk for developing Alzheimer’s, did not affect the results.

Alzheimer’s develops for years prior to symptoms occurring, Kennedy notes. The authors tried to control for that possibility by administering baseline cognitive tests.

“This is an important message for society, as the largest growing segment of our population is old people,” Buchman says. “We need to be encouraging physical activities even in very old individuals, even if their health doesn’t allow them to take part in fitness programs.”

In an accompanying editorial, the authors cite physical activity as a promising, low-cost, accessible and safe means to prevent Alzheimer’s.

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What is Alzheimer’s?

admin — Sun, 22 Apr 2012 11:43:16 +0000

Dementia is a brain disorder which severely impairs a person’s memory, thought processes and function. Alzheimer’s is a disease which ranks high in the dementia list. It is believed that Alzheimer’s is a cause of a genetic mutation. This is the increase in beta-amyloid protein, which causes the death of nerve cells in the brain. There is no exact reason as to why this disease affects only the elderly. The propensity for the elderly people to suffer from AD is linked with the natural degeneration process of brain cells. However, this does not mean that all elderly people are affected with Alzheimer’s. Those with predisposition towards the condition will experience the disease as the natural aging process weakens the brain functioning.

Symptoms of Alzheimer’s

The most common symptom of Alzheimer’s is memory lapse. Most often memory lapse is dismissed as normal behaviour of the elderly. However, the severity of memory loss associated with AD is much greater than age related memory loss. People with AD will keep forgetting their names, where they live, the incidents and activities they just encountered minutes ago, and even the names of family members. Personality changes and the inability to interact socially are other symptoms of Alzheimer’s. The memory lapse continues as the disease progresses and the degeneration of the brain accelerates. After a while, a person with Alzheimer’s disease will be unable to function in the normal world. Confusion, disorientation and total inability to care for themselves is common when the disease is at its zenith. If neglected, aggravated health conditions resulting from pneumonia or another form of debilitating state of health is the conclusion to this disease as persons become home bound due to the illness.

http://psychsources.com/new-drug-dimebon-for-alzheimers-disease-2/

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Potential Alzheimer’s Drug Dimebon Fails in Clinical Trials

admin — Sat, 14 Apr 2012 08:06:40 +0000

Dimebon, a drug that has been in phase three of clinical trials for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, has recently been discontinued after studies concluded it was ineffective. Dimebon is a drug that was first used in Russia decades ago as an antihistamine, and in the last few years has undergone testing to treat the symptoms of Alzheimer’s in the United States. Dimebon was never sold or marketed in the United States.

Initially, the drug showed some positive results in patients with Alzheimer’s, so clinical trials were expanded to study its effects when given with the drug denepazil (Aricept), a medication currently used to treat early Alzheimer’s. This past week, Pfizer and Medivation, the two drug companies that were conducting the trials, announced the discontinuation of Dimebon after it failed to show benefits for the recipients. In fact, some of the people receiving it declined more than those who received the placebo.

This is disappointing news, especially in light of ournation’s recent draft document on Alzheimer’s disease and other related dementias. One goal outlined in this draft is to effectively treat and prevent Alzheimer’s by 2025. Evidently, the manner in which we do this won’t include Dimebon.

http://alzheimers.about.com/b/2012/01/22/potential-alzheimers-drug-dimebon-fails-in-clinical-trials.htm

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Dimebon Development for Alzheimer’s Officially Dead

admin — Sat, 17 Mar 2012 14:44:32 +0000

Medivation and partner Pfizer will cease development of Dimebon (latrepirdine), a now thoroughly defunct antihistamine, “for all indications and will terminate the ongoing open label extension study in Alzheimer’s disease.” The small biopharm company announced the official end of Dimebon development yesterday in a press release, and the story was picked up by the WSJ. Dimebon’s demise is based on flat results in the companies’ CONCERT trial, a phase 3 study in which Dimebon was assessed as add-on treatment to symptomatic treatment donepezil (Aricept) in patients with mild-moderate AD.

Previous news on Dimebon (March 2010) was that it failed to improve cognition or global functioning in a placebo-controlled phase 3 study of patients with AD, and Medivation’s share price plummeted 30 points on the dated news. In 2008, Pfizer agreed to pay Medivation $225 million upfront and another $500 million when Dimebon was FDA approved. The agreement—which split development costs and potential profits on a 60-40 basis (Pfizer assumed the larger share)—also conferred licensing rights to Pfizer for use of the drug in Huntington’s disease. But Dimebon also disappointed in this devastating condition.

Pfizer was evidently betting on the chance that Dimebon would sail through US clinical development, given very favorable phase 2 results published in The Lancet in July of 2008. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study (N = 183) that was conducted entirely within Russia and funded by Medivation, patients with mild-moderate AD who received Dimebon demonstrated significantly less cognitive decline at 6 months, as measured by the ADAS-cog (mean score difference, 4.0; P < .0001). Although some were scratching their heads as to why an antihistamine would have a disease-delaying or merely symptomatic effect in AD. The ultimate, tired lesson: promising phase 2 results are not a harbinger of anything, except chancy phase 3 study.

Medivation reminds us that it’s also developing an investigational drug (MDV3100) with Astellas for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer. The compound is in the phase 3 stage, and Medivation got a huge bump in its stock price in late October just before news of very favorable survival data was publicly released.

http://bmartinmd.com/2012/01/dimebon-development-for-ad-dead.html

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Cancer drug shows promise in mouse Alzheimer’s study

admin — Sat, 18 Feb 2012 10:49:57 +0000

Mice in the early stage of Alzheimer’s disease had some of their brain abnormalities reversed and their declining mental function restored when they were given low doses of a rarely used cancer drug.The drug, bexarotene, stimulated the removal of beta-amyloid, a substance whose accumulation in the brain appears to be the main cause of Alzheimer’s dementia. After treatment, the animals fared better in tests of memory and social behavior, according to a study published online Thursday by the journal Science.

The findings were dramatic, but their relevance to people with Alzheimer’s disease is unknown. But because the drug is already approved for human use, finding out may be easier than if the drug were an entirely new chemical compound.

“It has to work in humans like it works in mice or we can pick up and go home,” said Gary E. Landreth, a neuroscientist at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, who headed the experiment.

A study of bexarotene’s effects in normal brains will start in a few months. Clinical trials in people with early Alzheimer’s — or at high risk for the disease for genetic reasons — will take years. If the drug’s effect in human brains turns out to be different, it may never move on to be tested in Alzheimer’s patients.

Nevertheless, the researchers think speed is important, as they fear that people might start using the drug before it is fully evaluated. A few days ago, Landreth got a call from a physician in another city. A person who had heard of the drug through the grapevine had asked for a prescription for bexarotene.

“We’ve got to work fast, and we have got to be right. We can’t screw this up,” Landreth said.

About 5.4 million Americans have Alzheimer’s disease, which is the leading cause of dementia. About 5 percent of people in their late 60s suffer from it, and possibly half of people in their late 80s. By 2050, 1 in 85 people worldwide will have the disease, according to one estimate.

Bexarotene is in the retinoid family of compounds, which are all chemically related to Vitamin A. Retinoids affect cell division and growth, immunity and other essential biological functions.

Sold under the trade name Targretin, bexarotene is approved by the Food and Drug Administration as a treatment for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, a disease diagnosed in about 3,000 Americans a year. It is an “orphan drug,” a designation that gives drug companies an incentive to develop medicines for rare diseases. Orphan drugs stay under patent protection longer than regular drugs. It has been tried against other forms of cancer, without impressive results.

Numerous “candidate” Alzheimer’s drugs, which looked promising in lab studies, have washed out in recent years.

Last month, Pfizer and a smaller partner announced that they were abandoning a drug called Dimebon as a possible Alzheimer’s drug after it failed to show benefit in a clinical trial. In 2010, Lilly halted development of a different compound, semagacestat. At the Alzheimer’s Association, an advocacy organization, the new study’s results were greeted with that history noted.

http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/cancer-drug-shows-promise-in-mouse-alzheimers-study/2012/02/09/gIQAzJct1Q_story.html

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Alzheimer’s drug fails for Pfizer, Medivation

admin — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 08:32:11 +0000

Pfizer and Medivation ended their collaboration on the experimental drug Dimebon for Alzheimer’s disease after the medicine failed in another late-stage clinical trial.

Dimebon was one of two drugs Pfizer had in its late-stage pipeline to treat the neurodegenerative disease. The other is bapineuzumab, which Pfizer is developing with Johnson & Johnson. The treatments have different mechanisms of action.

Dimebon didn’t show statistically significant results in a study that evaluated the compound when added to a standard treatment in patients with mild to moderate forms of the disease, the companies said Tuesday. The companies will end development of the drug for all uses, and will stop a current study.

San Francisco’s Medivation dropped 3.3 percent to $53.90 at the close in New York. Pfizer, the world’s biggest drugmaker, gained less than 1 percent to $21.94.

Dimebon also failed in a late-stage trial in 2010, sending Medivation shares down 67 percent in one day.

The federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta estimates that at least 5 million Americans have Alzheimer’s. The disease usually begins affecting people around age 60. There is no known cure.

http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2012/01/17/BUD01MQG0I.DTL

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Pfizer, Medivation end development of potential Alzheimer’s treatment Dimebon

admin — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 12:26:49 +0000

TRENTON, N.J. — In a major setback for patients and doctors, drugmakers Pfizer Inc. and Medivation Inc. have halted development of a potential Alzheimer’s disease treatment after the drug for a second time yielded disappointing results in a late-stage clinical study.Dimebon was furthest along in testing among the experimental Alzheimer’s drugs being developed to try to stop or even reverse the course of the mind-robbing disease. Dimebon would have been the first such drug and specialists just a couple of years ago had hoped it would be on the market this year.

Pfizer, the world’s largest drugmaker by revenue, and Medivation said on Tuesday that Dimebon failed to significantly improve cognitive ability, as well as self-care and daily functions in patients with mild-to-moderate cases of the disease. The study involved about 1,000 patients who had Dimebon added to their ongoing treatment with Pfizer’s former blockbuster Alzheimer’s drug donepezil, or Aricept.

Aricept, jointly marketed by Pfizer and Japan’s Esai Co. Ltd. and once heavily advertised, had about $3.7 billion in sales in 2009. It lost U.S. patent protection in November 2010, and sales have since plunged.

Dimebon, known chemically as latrepirdine, would have been an even bigger blockbuster if it had panned out. The experimental drug looked promising after it kept Alzheimer’s symptoms from worsening for a year in an earlier patient study.

But Dimebon didn’t work as hoped in a late-stage trial in which patients took it for six months. After those results, announced in March 2010, the companies said they were continuing three other studies that could prove Dimebon helped patients in combination with other Alzheimer’s drugs or when used for a longer period.

Then last April Pfizer and Medivation said Dimebon also failed in another late-stage clinical trial, when it did not improve symptoms of the neurologic disorder Huntington’s Disease.

After the latest failure, New York-based Pfizer and Medivation, headquartered in San Francisco, said they are ending development of Dimebon, as well as their agreement to market the potential treatment.

Pfizer still has one Alzheimer’s treatment in late-stage testing, bapineuzamab, which it is jointly developing with Johnson & Johnson. It’s a biologic drug, grown in living cells rather than made by mixing chemicals, and works differently than Dimebon.

Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia, and drugmakers are trying to find a treatment that does more than temporarily ease the symptoms: memory problems, confusion, aggression and a general decline in ability to function, which together can hasten death. Many drugs have flopped in late-stage testing in recent years, including some that seemed to clear harmful plaque from afflicted brains.

The newest drug for Alzheimer’s symptoms, Namenda, was approved back in 2003.

Cases of Alzheimer’s disease are expected to triple by 2050, to around 106 million people worldwide. The disease strikes nearly a half million new patients a year, mainly as people hit their 70s or 80s.

In trading Tuesday, Pfizer shares rose 9 cents to $21.93, while Medivation stock dropped $1.82, or 3.3 percent, to $53.90.

http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/industries/pfizer-medivation-end-development-of-potential-alzheimers-treatment-dimebon/2012/01/17/gIQA91uF5P_story.html

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Sobering Statistics about Alzheimer’s Disease

admin — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 06:10:53 +0000

Each day, 1,232 people are diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease.

Each week, 8,634 people are diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease.

Every 70 seconds someone is diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease….

Editor Note: For more statistics on Alzheimer’s disease see –

Alzheimer’s Disease Statistics

By the time you finish reading this article a few more people will be officially suffering from Alzheimer’s disease.

Here is a startling perspective.

It is not unusual for a person working on Wall Street (New York) to spend a total of three hours a day commuting to and from work. Many of these people live on Long Island, in Connecticut and New Jersey.

There are 180 minutes in three hours. There are 10,800 seconds in three hours.

While these people are commuting to and from work each day, another 154 persons are diagnosed with Alzheimer’s.

_____________________________

Each day, 1,232 people are diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease.

Each week, 8,634 people are diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease.

_____________________________A recent Harris Interactive poll showed that more than 100 million Americans have been touched by Alzheimer’s. More than 33 million Americans are worried about Alzheimer’s disease.

Startling numbers.

Alzheimer’s disease is a death sentence. Brain death. A typical person takes from 5-20 years to die. It is not unusual for the disease to take more than a decade to kill someone.

When most people think about Alzheimer’s they think about a person losing their memory. Persons that know someone suffering from Alzheimer’s disease watch them lose their ability to brush their teeth, take a shower, put on their cloths, go to the bathroom, and eat.

They await the worse day of them all — the day the person suffering from Alzheimer’s won’t know them. Or anyone for that matter.

Alzheimer’s disease is sinister and ugly.

If you don’t know someone directly or indirectly that is suffering from Alzheimer’s you will soon. It might have happened while you were reading this article.

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Why Can’t I Buy Dimebon for Alzheimer’s?

admin — Thu, 17 Nov 2011 06:11:56 +0000

Why can’t, I, WE, buy Dimebon for Alzheimer’s disease?

TERMINATED. That is the word they used when the Dimebon clinical trial that my mother was enrolled in was abruptly canceled on May 7, 2010.

The termination was caused by the failure of the Dimebon Connection Study. My mother was not enrolled in the that study. But, because the study failed to produce the necessary results for potential FDA approval the rug was pulled from under our feet.

We weren’t the only ones. There were more than 2,000 patients enrolled in Dimebon clinical trials. This means at least 1,000 participants received Dimebon. The other participants received a placebo.

The study was not terminated due to any safety findings. Dimebon was well-tolerated in clinical trials.

Safety was not an issue. The problem was efficacy. In other words, the drug did not provide enough benefit to participants. From a statistical standpoint it did not stop memory loss. There was some benefits registered on the behavior scale.

Now to my point.

Dotty did benefit. While on Dimebon, she was more alert and her behavior was dramatically improved over what I had come to expect.

Keep in mind here, Dotty was diagnosed before entering the clinical trial as being in the moderate to severe stage of Alzheimer’s. She scored 14 on the MMSE. She also scored 16 during the trial.

I did ask the personnel at the clinical trial site if they thought that Dotty was showing any improvement. They told me yes. I asked how?

Here is an example. At the outset of the clinical trial they showed Dotty a picture of a fork. Then asked, what do you with this? She could not say or demonstrate how you use a fork. When they put a fork in her hand she could demonstrate what you do with a fork.

Later in the study, they did the same test over. Sure enough, Dotty looked at the picture of the fork and then demonstrated what you do with a fork.

By the way, by the point in the clinical trial I didn’t have to ask anyone anything. I saw with my own eyes, ears, and brains that Dotty was a different person.

How much better?

Hold on tight. Better than she had been in many years. Let me set this straight. I couldn’t tell if there was any improvement in Dotty’s memory, and if you would like to know the truth, I didn’t care.

What I did care about was that Dotty seemed to be more interested in living her life. She was a fuller, better person.

My point. I can accept memory loss. I don’t spend much time thinking about Dotty’s memory, or what she can or can’t remember. What I do care about is the look on Dotty’s face, and how she responds to activity.

Dotty clearly looked more there, and was clearly experiencing “more enjoyment”.

As my close friends know, I was “dancing on the ceiling”.

We are not the only one’s that saw benefits from Dimebon. There are several articles and stories on this website from other caregivers that were enrolled in the Dimebon clinical trials.

I know they want an answer to this question.

Why Can’t We Buy Dimebon in the United States?

The drug is safe. The drug has been used in Russia since 1983.

And, Dimebon was proven to be safe in the clinical trials.

http://www.alzheimersreadingroom.com/2011/11/why-cant-i-buy-dimebon-for-alzheimers.html

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